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Experimental study of aerodynamic interference effects on aerostatic coefficients of twin deck bridges

Zhiwen LIU , Zhengqing CHEN , Gao LIU , Xinpeng SHAO ,

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 292-298 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0048-8

摘要: The aerodynamic interference effects on aerostatic coefficients of twin deck bridges with large span were investigated in detail by means of wind tunnel test. The distances between the twin decks and wind attack angles were changed during the wind tunnel test to study the effects on aerodynamic interferences of aerostatic coefficients of twin decks. The research results have shown that the drag coefficients of the leeward deck are much smaller than that of a single leeward deck. The drag coefficients of a windward deck decrease slightly compared with that of a single deck. The lift and torque coefficients of windward and leeward decks are also affected slightly by the aerodynamic interference of twin decks. And the aerodynamic interference effects on lift and torque coefficients of twin decks can be neglected.

关键词: twin decks     aerodynamic interference effects     aerostatic coefficients     wind tunnel test    

Aerodynamic interference effects and mitigation measures on vortex-induced vibrations of two adjacent

Xiaoliang MENG, Ledong ZHU, Zhenshan GUO

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 510-517 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0129-3

摘要: By examining the two neighboring Haihe Bridges with semi- and full-closed bridge decks, the aerodynamic interference between the two decks on the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) and the corresponding aerodynamic mitigation measures are investigated via a series of wind tunnel tests with a spring-suspended sectional model aided with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The results show that the VIV responses of both bridges can be significantly affected by the aerodynamic interference and that the extent of the influence varies with the shapes of the windward and leeward decks. The VIV amplitudes of the windward bridge are often fairly close to those of the single bridge. However, those of the leeward bridge are magnified substantially by aerodynamic interference if the same structural and aerodynamic configurations are adopted for the two bridges. Otherwise, the VIV responses are not significantly increased and may even be reduced by the aerodynamic interference if different configurations are employed for the two bridges. Furthermore, an effective combined measure of adding wind barriers and sharpening the wind fairing noses of the two box decks is presented for mitigating both the vertical and torsional VIV responses of the windward and leeward bridges.

关键词: separated parallel decks     vortex-induced vibration     aerodynamic interference     aerodynamic mitigation measure     semi-closed box deck     full-closed box deck    

Numerical analysis of aerodynamic noise radiated from cross flow fan

CHEN Anbang, LI Song, HUANG Dongtao

《能源前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 443-447 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0063-9

摘要: The flow field in a cross flow fan was simulated by solving the 2-D unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The calculated pressure fluctuations of the blades, the vortex wall, and the rear wall were then used as noise sources to calculate the sound field. The Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) equation was employed to predict the noise field caused by these sources. The predictions show that the rear wall and the vortex wall sources contribute significantly to the total noise and that both the predicted aerodynamic performance and noise agree well with the experimental results.

关键词: predicted aerodynamic     Williams-Hawkings     calculated pressure     aerodynamic performance     unsteady Reynolds-averaged    

Elastoplastic frictional contact problem study on interference fits of compressor

ZHANG Hongwu, WU Changhua, LIAO Aihua

《能源前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 313-319 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0026-1

摘要: The FE parametric quadratic programming (PQP) method developed from the parametric variational principle (PVP) was used for the analysis of the stress distribution of the 3D elastoplastic frictional contact of an impeller-shaft sleeve-shaft. A locomotive-type turbocharger compressor with 24 blades under combined centrifugal and interference-fit loading was considered in the numerical analysis. The solution of elastoplastic frictional contact problems belongs to unspecified boundary problems where the interaction between two kinds of nonlinearities should occur. To save time in the numerical computation, a multi-substructure technique was adopted in the structural modeling. The effect of fit tolerance, wall thickness of the shaft sleeve, and rotational speed on the contact stress was discussed in detail in the numerical computation. To decrease the difficulty of the assembly process and ensure the safety of the working state, the amount of interference between the shaft sleeve and shaft by press-fitting should be controlled strictly to avoid the rapid increase of contact stress. The numerical results show that the algorithm has high accuracy and good convergence. The study can be referred to in deciding the proper fit tolerance and improving the design and manufacturing technology of compressor impellers.

关键词: computation     thickness     interference-fit     interference     unspecified    

Laser interference fabrication of large-area functional periodic structure surface

Lei WANG, Zi-Han WANG, Yan-Hao YU, Hong-Bo SUN

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第13卷 第4期   页码 493-503 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0507-9

摘要:

Functional periodic structures have attracted significant interest due to their natural capabilities in regulating surface energy, surface effective refractive index, and diffraction. Several technologies are used for the fabrication of these functional structures. The laser interference technique in particular has received attention because of its simplicity, low cost, and high-efficiency fabrication of large-area, micro/nanometer-scale, and periodically patterned structures in air conditions. Here, we reviewed the work on laser interference fabrication of large-area functional periodic structures for antireflection, self-cleaning, and superhydrophobicity based on our past and current research. For the common cases, four-beam interference and multi-exposure of two-beam interference were emphasized for their setup, structure diversity, and various applications for antireflection, self-cleaning, and superhydrophobicity. The relations between multi-beam interference and multi-exposure of two-beam interference were compared theoretically and experimentally. Nanostructures as a template for growing nanocrystals were also shown to present future possible applications in surface chemical control. Perspectives on future directions and applications for laser interference were presented.

关键词: laser interference     four-beam interference     multi-exposure of two-beam interference     additive fabrication    

Construction and identification of lentiviral RNA interference vector of rat leptin receptor gene

Zhengjuan LIU, Jie BIAN, Yuchuan WANG, Yongli ZHAO, Dong YAN, Xiaoxia WANG

《医学前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 57-60 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0003-z

摘要: Leptin resistance is a main mechanism of acquired childhood obesity, and the suppression of long form of leptin receptor (OBRb) gene expression in diet-induced obese rats indicates that the down-regulation of OBRb gene expression plays a pivotal role in the mechanism of leptin resistance. The aim of the present study was to construct the lentiviral RNA interference (RNAi) vector of rat OBRb gene and evaluate the effects of siRNA on silencing OBRb gene expression. The target sequence of siRNA-OBRb was designed, and the complementary DNA containing both sense and antisense oligonucleotides was synthesized. After phosphorylation and annealing, these double-stranded DNA was cloned to pRNA-lentivector-VGFP to construct pRNA-Lenti-OBRb-VGFP recombinants with U6-containing promoter, target sequence and Poly III terminator. Then, the products were confirmed by electrophoresis and sequencing analysis, and the effects of RNAi on reducing gene expression were further confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction in transfected rat glioma cells expressing OBRb. The target sequence of siRNA-OBRb was successfully cloned to pRNA-lentivector-VGFP, and the RNAi protocol specifically reduced the expression of OBRb mRNA by approximately 80% compared with controls in transfected rat glioma cells. The successful construction of rat lentivirus vectors expressing OBRb-specific shRNA may be useful for further investigation .

关键词: receptors     leptin     RNA interference     lentivirus vector    

Flutter control effect and mechanism of central-slotting for long-span bridges

YANG Yongxin, GE Yaojun, XIANG Haifan

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 298-304 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0039-6

摘要: The flutter control effect and mechanism of central-slotting, which have gradually been adopted in the design and construction of long-span bridges as an effective flutter controlling measure, were investigated with theoretical analysis and wind tunnel test. Five basic girder cross-sections representing five typical aerodynamic configurations were selected and central-slotted with two different slot widths. Then, a series of sectional model tests and theoretical analyses based on the two-dimensional three-degrees-of-freedom coupling flutter analysis method (2 dimension-3 degrees of freedom method, 2d-3DOF method) were carried out to investigate the aerodynamic performance, flutter mechanism and flutter modality of the five basic sections and their corresponding central-slotted sections. The results show that central-slotting can not always improve the aerodynamic stability of bridge structure. The control effect of central-slotting depends on the aerodynamic configuration of the original girder section and the corresponding central-slotting width. If the original section is inappropriate or the slot width is unsuitable, central-slotting will even deteriorate the structural flutter performance. Theoretical investigations indicated that the differences in flutter control effects come from the different formation and evolution of aerodynamic damping, and flutter modality especially the participation level of heaving motion also has a significant influence on the control effect of central-slotting.

关键词: aerodynamic configuration     aerodynamic performance     flutter mechanism     aerodynamic stability     theoretical analysis    

Aerodynamic stability evolution tendency of suspension bridges with spans from 1000 to 5000 m

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0980-z

摘要: Aerodynamic instability owing to aerostatic and flutter-related failures is a significant concern in the wind-resistant design of long-span suspension bridges. Based on the dynamic characteristics of suspension bridges with spans ranging from 888 to 1991 m, we proposed fitted equations for increasing spans and base frequencies. Finite element models of suspension bridges with increasing span from 1000 to 5000 m were constructed. The structural parameters were optimized to follow the fitted tendencies. To analyze the aerodynamic instability, streamlined single-box section (SBS), lattice truss section (LTS), narrow slotted section (NSS), and wide slotted section (WSS) were considered. We performed three-dimensional (3-D) full-mode flutter analysis and nonlinear aerostatic instability analysis. The flutter critical wind speed continuously decreases with span growth, showing an unlimited approaching phenomenon. Regarding aerostatic instability, the instability wind speed decreases with span to approximately 3000 m, and increases when the span is in the range of 3000 to 5000 m. Minimum aerostatic instability wind speed with SBS or LTS girder would be lower than observed maximal gust wind speed, indicating the probability of aerostatic instability. This study proposes that suspension bridge with span approximately 3000 m should be focused on both aerostatic instability and flutter, and more aerodynamic configuration optimistic optimizations for flutter are essential for super long-span suspension bridges with spans longer than 3000 m.

关键词: suspension bridge     super long-span     finite element model     aerodynamic instability     aerodynamic configuration    

with multi-walled carbon nanotubes: preparation, characterization, and application for electromagnetic interference

Jian LI,Caichao WAN

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第4期   页码 341-346 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015082

摘要: Electromagnetic wave pollution has attracted extensive attention because of its ability to affect the operation of electronic machinery and endanger human health. In this work, the environmentally-friendly hybrid aerogels consisting of cellulose and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were fabricated. The aerogels have a low bulk density of 58.17 mg·cm . The incorporation of MWCNTs leads to an improvement in the thermal stability. In addition, the aerogels show a high electromagnetic interference (EMI) value of 19.4 dB. Meanwhile, the absorption-dominant shielding mechanism helps a lot to reduce secondary radiation, which is beneficial to develop novel eco-friendly EMI shielding materials.

关键词: cellulose aerogels     carbon nanotubes     electromagnetic interference shielding     composites    

New response surface model and its applications in aerodynamic optimization of axial compressor blade

LIU Xiaojia, NING Fangfei

《能源前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 541-549 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0077-3

摘要: A parametric method for the axial compressor 2D blade profiles is proposed in which the blade geometries are defined with the parameters commonly used for blade definition, which ensures that the geometric significance is clear and an unreasonable blade profile is not generated. Several illustrations are presented to show the fitting precision of the method. A novel response surface model is proposed which regards the objective distribution function in the vicinity of a sample as normal school, and then generates the response surface function in the whole design space by a linear combination of distribution functions of all the samples. Based on this model, a numerical aerodynamic optimization platform for the axial compressor 2D blade profiles is developed, by which aerodynamic optimization of two compressor blade profiles are presented.

关键词: definition     objective distribution     fitting precision     combination     numerical aerodynamic    

Electromagnetic interference modeling and suppression techniques in variable-frequency drive systems

Le YANG, Shuo WANG, Jianghua FENG

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第13卷 第3期   页码 329-353 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0466-1

摘要:

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) causes electromechanical damage to the motors and degrades the reliability of variable-frequency drive (VFD) systems. Unlike fundamental frequency components in motor drive systems, high-frequency EMI noise, coupled with the parasitic parameters of the trough system, are difficult to analyze and reduce. In this article, EMI modeling techniques for different function units in a VFD system, including induction motors, motor bearings, and rectifier-inverters, are reviewed and evaluated in terms of applied frequency range, model parameterization, and model accuracy. The EMI models for the motors are categorized based on modeling techniques and model topologies. Motor bearing and shaft models are also reviewed, and techniques that are used to eliminate bearing current are evaluated. Modeling techniques for conventional rectifier-inverter systems are also summarized. EMI noise suppression techniques, including passive filter, Wheatstone bridge balance, active filter, and optimized modulation, are reviewed and compared based on the VFD system models.

关键词: variable-frequency drive (VFD)     electromagnetic interference (EMI)     motor drive modeling     EMI noise suppression    

Calculation method of radial stress and deformation on conic threaded connections with interference fit

Shoujun CHEN, Qiang LI, Qi AN,

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第5卷 第3期   页码 302-307 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0018-9

摘要: This paper presents a calculation method for radial stress distribution and deformation on conic threaded connections with interference fit. Based on elastic mechanics, a new calculation model is established using the thick-walled-cylindrical theory. A sample calculation for API 88.9 mm conic threaded connection indicates that the method proposed in this paper is reasonable, and the finite element analysis (FEA) method is used to validate the proposed method. The results obtained by the proposed method and FEA method are identical. The model offers a new way of calculating the radial stress and deformation on conic thread connections with interference fit.

关键词: conic threaded connections     interference fit     radial stress     deformation     finite element analysis (FEA)    

Design of packing cup interference fit value of hypercompressors for low density polyethylene production

Da LEI,Xuehong LI,Yun LI,Xiwen REN

《能源前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 107-113 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0450-1

摘要: The hypercompressor is one of the core facilities in low density polyethylene production, with a discharge pressure of approximately 300 MPa. A packing cup is the basic unit of cylinder packing, assembled by the interference fit between an inner cup and an outer cup. Because the shrink-fitting prestresses the packing cup, serious design is needed to gain a favorable stress state, for example, a tri-axial compressive stress state. The traditional method of designing the interference fit value for packing cups depends on the shrink-fit theory for thick-walled cylinder subject to internal and external pressure. According to the traditional method, critical points are at the inner radii of the inner and external cup. In this study, the finite element method (FEM) has been implemented to determine a more accurate stress level of packing cups. Different critical points have been found at the edge of lapped sealing surfaces between two adjacent packing cups. The maximum Von Mises equivalent stress in a packing cup increases after a decline with the rise of the interference fit value. The maximum equivalent stress initially occurs at the bore of the inner cup, then at the edge of lapped mating surfaces, and finally at the bore of the outer cup, as the interference radius increases. The traditional method neglects the influence of axial preloading on the interference mating pressure. As a result, it predicts a lower equivalent stress at the bore of the external cup. A higher interference fit value accepted by the traditional method may not be feasible as it might already make packing cups yield at the edge of mating surfaces or the bore of the external cup. Along with fatigue analysis, the feasible range of interference fit value has been modified by utilizing FEM. The modified range tends to be narrower and safer than the one derived from the traditional method, after getting rid of shrink-fit values that could result in yielding in a real packing cup.

关键词: interference fit value     packing cup     hypercompressor     finite element method (FEM)    

Aerodynamic impact of train-induced wind on a moving motor-van

Jiajun HE; Huoyue XIANG; Yongle LI; Bin HAN

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第7期   页码 909-927 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0833-1

摘要: The newly-built single-level rail-cum-road bridge brings the issue of the aerodynamic impact of train-induced wind on road automobiles. This research introduced a validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model regarding this concern. Such an aerodynamic impact mechanism was explored; a relationship between the transverse distance between train and motor-van (hereinfafter referred to as van) and the aerodynamic effects on the van was explored to help the optimization of bridge decks, and the relationship between the automobile speed and aerodynamic variations of a van was fitted to help traffic control. The fitting results are accurate enough for further research. It is noted that the relative speed of the two automobiles is not the only factor that influences the aerodynamic variations of the van, even at a confirmed relative velocity, the aerodynamic variations of the van vary a lot as the velocity proportion changes, and the most unfavorable case shows an increase of over 40% on the aerodynamic variations compared to the standard case. The decay of the aerodynamic effects shows that not all the velocity terms would enhance the aerodynamic variations; the coupled velocity term constrains the variation amplitude of moments and decreases the total amplitude by 20%–40%.

关键词: rail-cum-road bridge     aerodynamic impact     train-induced wind     CFD     aerodynamic force     quantitative analysis     fitting    

Numerical investigation of aerodynamic performance influenced by circumferentially pre-swirling coming

WANG Qikun, CHEN Kangmin

《能源前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 435-440 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0063-5

摘要: Numerical investigation is implemented on aerodynamic performance inside the crossover and de-swirling cascade of a multistage centrifugal compressor. The emphasis is put on the aerodynamic performance influenced by the circumferent

关键词: aerodynamic     investigation     centrifugal     de-swirling     circumferent    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Experimental study of aerodynamic interference effects on aerostatic coefficients of twin deck bridges

Zhiwen LIU , Zhengqing CHEN , Gao LIU , Xinpeng SHAO ,

期刊论文

Aerodynamic interference effects and mitigation measures on vortex-induced vibrations of two adjacent

Xiaoliang MENG, Ledong ZHU, Zhenshan GUO

期刊论文

Numerical analysis of aerodynamic noise radiated from cross flow fan

CHEN Anbang, LI Song, HUANG Dongtao

期刊论文

Elastoplastic frictional contact problem study on interference fits of compressor

ZHANG Hongwu, WU Changhua, LIAO Aihua

期刊论文

Laser interference fabrication of large-area functional periodic structure surface

Lei WANG, Zi-Han WANG, Yan-Hao YU, Hong-Bo SUN

期刊论文

Construction and identification of lentiviral RNA interference vector of rat leptin receptor gene

Zhengjuan LIU, Jie BIAN, Yuchuan WANG, Yongli ZHAO, Dong YAN, Xiaoxia WANG

期刊论文

Flutter control effect and mechanism of central-slotting for long-span bridges

YANG Yongxin, GE Yaojun, XIANG Haifan

期刊论文

Aerodynamic stability evolution tendency of suspension bridges with spans from 1000 to 5000 m

期刊论文

with multi-walled carbon nanotubes: preparation, characterization, and application for electromagnetic interference

Jian LI,Caichao WAN

期刊论文

New response surface model and its applications in aerodynamic optimization of axial compressor blade

LIU Xiaojia, NING Fangfei

期刊论文

Electromagnetic interference modeling and suppression techniques in variable-frequency drive systems

Le YANG, Shuo WANG, Jianghua FENG

期刊论文

Calculation method of radial stress and deformation on conic threaded connections with interference fit

Shoujun CHEN, Qiang LI, Qi AN,

期刊论文

Design of packing cup interference fit value of hypercompressors for low density polyethylene production

Da LEI,Xuehong LI,Yun LI,Xiwen REN

期刊论文

Aerodynamic impact of train-induced wind on a moving motor-van

Jiajun HE; Huoyue XIANG; Yongle LI; Bin HAN

期刊论文

Numerical investigation of aerodynamic performance influenced by circumferentially pre-swirling coming

WANG Qikun, CHEN Kangmin

期刊论文